In the previous lessons, we learned how to find documents in Mongoose. In this lesson, we will learn how to update documents in Mongoose.

Updating Documents

There are many ways to update documents in Mongoose.

• We can update a single document directly by calling the save method on the document.
• We can update multiple documents by calling the updateMany method on the model.
• We can update a single document by calling the updateOne method on the model.

Save Method

The save method is used to update a single document directly after having created or retrieved it.

//
const user = await User.findOne({ name: 'Alice' });
user.age = 30;
await user.save();

In this example, we first find a document with the name 'Alice' and then update the age to 30 by setting the age property of the document. Finally, we call the save method to save the changes to the database.

Update Method

The update method is used to update multiple documents that match the specified query.

//
const result = await User.updateMany({ name: 'Alice' }, { age: 30 });

In this example, the updateMany method updates all documents that have the name 'Alice' and sets the age to 30.

The update method takes two arguments:

- The query object specifies which documents to update.

- The update object specifies how to update the documents.

UpdateOne Method

The updateOne method updates a single document that matches the specified query.

//
const result = await User.updateOne({ name: 'Alice' }, { age: 30 });

In this example, the updateOne method updates the first document that has the name 'Alice' and sets the age to 30.

The updateOne method takes two arguments:

- The query object specifies which documents to update.

- The update object specifies how to update the documents.

Upserting

Upserting is the process of updating a document it exists or creating a new document if it doesn't exist.

When you perform an , one of two things can happen:

• If a document that matches the query exists, it will be updated.
• If no document matches the query, a new document will be created with the query and update objects.

To perform an upsert, we can use the upsert option in the update method.

//
const result = await User.updateOne({ name: 'Alice' }, { age: 30 }, { upsert: true });

In this example, the updateOne method updates the first document that has the name 'Alice' and sets the age to 30. If no document with the name 'Alice' exists, a new document will be created with the name 'Alice' and the age 30.

Review

In this lesson, we learned how to update documents in Mongoose. You can:

• Update a single document directly by calling the save method on the document.
• Update multiple documents by calling the updateMany method on the model.
• Update a single document by calling the updateOne method on the model.
• Perform an upsert by using the upsert option in the update method.

In the next lesson, we will dive into updating documents using operators!

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